DIN磨耗试验介绍
时间:2015-01-07 阅读:9078
DIN磨耗实验介绍
1. 什么是磨耗实验?
磨耗性能是橡胶、硫化胶、热塑性弹性体等制品的一项重要指标,与材料失效和制品的使用安全性密切相关。
耐磨性:物理机械作用力下耐磨耗性
相对磨损体积:橡胶试样相对磨损体积(mm3),是指在测试之后与相同条件下与参照胶料的比较得到。
耐磨性指数:相同条件下参照胶料体积损耗与试样体积损耗之比,用百分数表示
2. 主要的测试方法
目前比较普遍采用的三种测试方法是:国标XM一1型磨耗实验机法(GB/T3903.2-1994)、阿克隆磨耗实验机法(GB/T1689~1998)和DIN磨耗实验机法(GB/T9867—1988、ISODIN ISO 4649)。*种方法用带齿的金属磨轮垂直压在试样上,以一定负荷、一定时间、一定速度,对试样进行磨耗,测量其磨痕长度,来表示材料的耐磨性能;后两种方法通过测定试样在一定条件下,经机械摩擦所产生的磨耗减量,来表示材料的耐磨性能。下面主要介绍DIN磨耗实验。
3. DIN磨耗实验
该机由固定砂纸的旋转滚筒和可水平移动的试样夹持器组成。滚筒直径为(150.0±0.2)mm,滚筒速度(40.0±1.0)r/min,磨耗距离为(40.0±0.2)mm,横向前进滚筒总圈数为84r,夹具横向距离4.2mm/r,试样夹具荷重2.5N,附加荷重砝码有2.5N和5.0N两个。试样的直径16mm,厚度至少6mm,试样厚度少于6mm时,可将两块粘贴在一起使用。实验时,在规定的接触压力(10N)下和给定面积上,采用一定规格砂纸,对试样进行摩擦。
图1. 磨耗测试仪示意图Figure 1 — Schematic illustration of apparatus 图2. 试样制备空心钻头示意图Figure 2 — Example of a hollow drill for test piece preparation
1. Determination of abrasion resistance
Abrasion resistance is an important index of Rubber, vulcanized orthermoplastic, and closely related with the life span and safety of materials.
Terms and definitions
Abrasion resistance
The resistance to wear by mechanical action upon a surface
Relative volume loss
The volume loss, in cubic millimetres, of the test rubber after being subjected to abrasion by an abrasive sheet which will cause a reference compound to lose a defined mass under the same specified conditions of test
Abrasion resistance index
The ratio of the volume loss of a reference compound to the volume loss of the test rubber measured under the same specified conditions of test and expressed as a percentage
2. Main methods of determining abrasion resistance
The standards include GB/T1689~1998, GB/T3903.2-1994,
GB/T9867—1988,ISODIN ISO 4649. The methods involve determination of the volume loss due to the abrasive action of rubbing a test piece over a specified grade of abrasive sheet. The result can be reported as a relative volume loss or an abrasion resistance index.
3. Experiment
The test apparatus (see Figure 1) consists of a laterally movable test piece holder and a rotatable cylinder to which the abrasive sheet (5.2) is fixed. The cylinder shall have a diameter of and a length of about and shall be rotated at a speed of , the direction of rotation being as indicated in Figure 1. The test piece holder shall have a cylindrical opening, the diameter of which can be adjusted from to and a device for adjusting the length of the test piece protruding from the opening to. The holder shall be mounted on a swivel arm that, in turn, is attached to a sledge that can be moved laterally on a spindle. The lateral displacement of the holder shall be per revolution of the drum (see note 1). Suitable attachments may be provided to rotate the test piece during the test run by rotation of the test piece holder (method B), preferably at the rate of 1 revolution per 50 revolutions of the drum.
Abrasion takes place over one of the end surfaces of the cylindrical test piece (see Figure 1). The abrasive sheet is attached to the surface of a rotating cylindrical drum against which the test piece is held and across which it is traversed. The loss in mass of the test piece is determined and the volume loss is calculated from the density of the material used for the test piece. The volume loss of the test piece is compared to that of a reference compound tested under the same conditions.
Source:
Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device
英语:Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic –Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drumdevice (ISO 4649:2002)English version of DIN ISO 4649:2006-11
德语:Elastomere oder thermoplastische Elastomere –Bestimmung des Abriebwiderstandes mit einem Ger?t mit rotierender Zylindertrommel(ISO 4649:2002)Englische Fassung DIN ISO 4649:2006-11