啮齿动物的寿命相对较短，更容易快速繁殖，成本更低，具备可用的基因编辑技术，已经建立完善的行为测试方法。然而，大多数啮齿动物模型未能再现患者的明显和典型性神经退行性变。

斑马鱼拥有脊椎动物的神经结构组织，主要结构都与哺乳动物的大脑相似，具有与人类类似的功能性血脑屏障。斑马鱼生命周期短、繁殖力高，特别适合于大规模药物筛选。

大脑发育、解剖结构、认知和行为复杂性方面与人更接近，大脑比小型动物要大得多并且具备皮质表面的折叠，与人的基因相似性更大，病理发展更类似，具备疾病评估的可用性，但是动物繁殖周期长，价格昂贵，基因修饰技术不够完善。

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