单核吞噬细胞系统包括单核细胞、结缔组织和淋巴组织中的巨噬细胞、骨组织中的破骨细胞、神经组织中的小胶质细胞、肝库弗细胞、皮肤朗格汉斯细胞和肺巨噬细胞。单核吞噬细胞系统能吞噬清除体内病菌异物及衰老伤亡细胞，参与非特异性免疫防御机制，参与特异性免疫应答，发挥特异性免疫功能等，是人体中重要的一类保护性细胞系统。

1、单核细胞：单核细胞是白细胞中体积较大的一种，在机体发生炎症时进入组织内，分化为具有活跃吞噬功能的巨噬细胞；

2、巨噬细胞：巨噬细胞广泛分布于各器官内，尤其多见于淋巴结、脾、肝、骨髓等器官。具有活跃的吞噬能力，可识别吞噬细菌、异物、坏死组织等，是机体内有重要防御功能的细胞；

3、破骨细胞：破骨细胞是骨吸收的主要功能细胞，在吸收骨质时具有将基质中的钙离子持续转移至细胞外液的特殊功能，在骨发育、生长、修复、重建中具有重要作用；

4、小胶质细胞：小胶质细胞是脑组织中的神经免疫细胞，具有吞噬功能，同时能促进神经系统的发育，促进神经元的存活；

5、肝库弗细胞：肝巨噬细胞是肝内的巨噬细胞，能清除从门静脉入肝的抗原异物，清除衰老的血细胞和监视肿瘤；

6、肺巨噬细胞：肺巨噬细胞是参与肺防御免疫功能的重要细胞之一，具有活跃的吞噬功能，能吞噬吸入的尘粒、细菌、异物及渗出的红细胞。

对于淋巴结巨噬细胞的研究，体内实验时，我们会使用荷兰Liposoma的巨噬细胞清除剂Clodronate Liposomes氯膦酸盐脂质体。如果研究的是实验性淋巴丝虫病模型，可以参考如下文献。

论文题目： Tetracyclines improve experimental lymphatic filariasis pathology by disrupting interleukin-4 receptor–mediated lymphangiogenesis

期刊名称：J Clin Invest.

时间期卷：2021;131(5):e140853.

在线时间：2021年1月12日

DOI：doi.org/10.1172/JCI140853.

品牌：Liposoma

货号：CP-005-005

规格：5ml+5ml

品名：Clodronate Liposomes  and Control Liposomes

注射方式：s.c.皮下

浓度：2.5mg/ml

次数：2次

频率：3天一次

To interrogate the functional role of prolymphangiogenic monocytes and monocyte-derived MΦs recruited to the site of filaria-parasitized lymphatics, we blocked CCR2+ monocyte recruitment following BmL3 infection by administration of an anti-CCR2 ablating antibody (28). In a complementary approach, we reduced total phagocyte cell populations, including monocytes and MΦs, by local subcutaneous administration of clodronate encapsulated in liposomes (Figure 7A). Confirming treatment efficacy, both anti-CCR2 and clodronate liposome treatments delivered to filaria-infected mice successfully reduced circulating blood monocyte populations. Further, anti-CCR2 significantly reduced lymphatic-associated monocyte populations following infection (Figure 7, B and C). Following ablations of monocyte and total phagocyte populations, while remodeled lymphatics were still apparent, the magnitude of lymphatic insufficiency was significantly reduced, as demonstrated by reduced backflow of ICG following anti-CCR2 treatment (Figure 7, F and G) and dermal retention of EB (Figure 7H) following both anti-CCR2 and clodronate liposome treatments. Additionally, dermal lymphatic vessel dilation was significantly reduced following both anti-CCR2 and clodronate liposome treatments (Figure 7, I and J). These ablation experiments indicate a functional role for prolymphangiogenic monocyte populations, after recruitment from the blood to local parasitized lymphatics, in the development of filaria-associated lymphatic dysfunction.

材料和方法：

CCR2 and clodronate liposome monocyte/MΦ depletion experiments.

Following infection, mice were administered either 20 μg MC-21 rat anti–mouse CCR2 depleting antibody (Matthias Mack, Regensburg University; ref. 28) i.p., daily, or 2.5 mg/mL clodronate liposome suspensions (Liposoma) s.c. at BmL3 infection sites every 3 days. Treatment was undertaken for 6 days.