Automated Indentation Mapping of Vocal Fold Structure and Cover Properties across Species
Gregory R. Dion, MD, Jean-Francois Lavoie, PhD, Paulo Coelho, DDS, PhD, Milan R. Amin, MD, Ryan C. Branski, PhD
Laryngoscope. 2018 Nov 8. doi: 10.1002/lary.27341
Objectives/Hypothesis: Various animal models have been employed to investigate vocal fold (VF) and phonatory function. However, biomechanical testing techniques to characterize vocal fold structural properties vary and have not compared critical properties across species. We adapted a nondestructive, automated indentation mapping technique to simultaneously quantify VF structural properties (VF cover layer and intact VF) in commonly used species based on the hypothesis that VF biomechanical properties are largely preserved across species.
Study Design: Ex vivo animal model.
Methods: Canine, leporine, and swine larynges (n = 4 each) were sagittally bisected, measured, and subjected to normal indentation mapping (indentation at 0.3 mm; 1.2 mm/s) with a 2-mm spherical indenter to quantify normal force along the VF cover layer, structural stiffness, and displacement at 0.8 mN; two-dimensional maps of the free VF edge through the conus elasticus were created for these characterizations.
方法：将 犬，猪胆碱和猪喉（每组n = 4）矢状平分，测量，并用BIOMOMENTUM MACH-1 力学试验机 2 mm球形压头进行法向压痕测绘（压痕为0.3 mm； 1.2 mm / s）以量化沿法向力VF覆盖层，结构刚度和在0.8 mN时的位移；为了描述这些特征，创建了穿过圆锥弹性体的自由VF边缘的二维图。
Results: Structural stiffness was 7.79 gf/mm (0.15–74.55) for leporine, 2.48 gf/mm (0.20–41.75) for canine, and 1.45 gf (0.56–4.56) for swine. For each species, the lowest values were along the free VF edge (mean ± standard deviation; leporine: 0.40 ± 0.21 gf/mm, canine: 1.14 ± 0.49 gf/mm, swine: 0.89 ± 0.28 gf/mm). Similar results were obtained for the cover layer normal force at 0.3 mm. On the free VF edge, mean (standard deviation) displacement at 0.08 gf was 0.14 mm (0.05) in leporine, 0.11 mm (0.03) in canine, and 0.10 mm (0.02) in swine.
Conclusions: Automated indentation mapping yielded reproducible biomechanical property measurement of the VF cover and intact VF. Divergent VF structural properties across canine, swine, and leporine species were observed.
Key Words: Larynx, vocal fold, mechanical testing, indentation, voice, structural stiffness.
该多轴多材料功能机械力特性测试仪是能集成压缩、张力、剪切、摩擦、穿刺、扭转和压痕、活性组织电位分布测试的一体化测试与培养装置。能对生物组织、聚合物、凝胶、生物材料、胶囊、粘合剂和食品进行精密可靠的机械刺
激和表征。允许表征的机械性能包括刚度、强度、模量、粘弹性、塑性、硬度、附着力、肿胀和松弛 位移控制运动。
相比于传统的大型力学测试系统，该微观力学测试系统总体较小，可以实现桌面化的操作流程，操作过程简便。该系统测试方法面，是多样化的材料力学表征工具，是科学家、工程师和其他各领域用户的佳选择。在动态力学分析、薄膜、复合物、聚合物、生物产品、医学鉴定和水凝胶等领域都有广泛应用。
材料力学性能是指材料在不同环境(温度、介质、湿度)下，承受各种外加载荷(拉伸、压缩、弯曲、扭转、冲击、交变应力等)时所表现出的力学特征。
测试意义及适用范围：
系统亮点：
可在标准的培养皿中进行力学刺激实验;
可满足作为理想的实验和教学工具;
大范围高精度多轴测试：可测量动态、静态和各种波形的压缩、张力、剪切和扭矩
用户友好的软件用于的数据采集和简易的分析， 采集的数据可导入三方软件进一步分析。
皮肤弹性测试---软组织弹性测试;
纤维材料的弹性--材料弹性测试;
缝合伤口材料--材料弹性、压力应变测试;
伤口愈合评定--材料弹性、压力应变测试;
细胞组织培养物双向模拟--材料压力、剪切应变测试;
藻酸盐微球力学评估--材料弹性、压力、剪切应变测试;
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