绝缘材料介电强度测试仪/塑料薄膜电气强度测试仪-计算机控制

ZJC-50KV(5万伏)

满足标准：GB/T 1408-2006 绝缘材料电气强度试验方法

          GB/T1695-2005 硫化橡胶工频电压击穿强度和耐电压强度试验

          GB/T3333 电缆纸工频电压击穿试验方法

          HG/T 3330绝缘漆漆膜击穿强度测定法

          GB/T 12656 电容器纸工频电压击穿试验方法

          ASTM D149 固体电绝缘材料在工业电源频率下的介电击穿电压和介电强度的试验方法.

ZJC-50KV   ZJC-100KV 可选

一、适用范围及功能

绝缘材料介电强度测试仪/塑料薄膜电气强度测试仪主要适用于固体绝缘材料（如：塑料、橡胶、层压材料、薄膜、树脂、云母、陶瓷、玻璃、绝缘漆等绝缘材料及绝缘件）在工频电压或直流电压下击穿强度和耐电压的测试。

由电脑控制，是我公司自主研发的全新第三代介电击穿检测仪器，电子控制系统是通过西门子PLC控制，数据采集方式通过光电隔离，有效解决试验过程中的抗干扰问题，软件操作使用方便，能够实时显示动态曲线，同时升压速率无级可调，可以根据自己的需要进行升压速率调节，调节范围在100V-3000V/S，使升压速率真正做到匀速、准确，并能够准确测出漏电电流的数据。可实时绘制试验曲线，显示试验数据，判断准确，并可保存，分析，打印试验数据。

系统能够自动判别试样击穿并采集击穿电压数据及泄露电流，同时能够在击穿的瞬间电压迅速降低自动归零。软件系统操作方便，性能稳定，安全可靠。

二、软件功能:

01、软件平台：WINDOWS窗口操作平台，界面直观，便于操作

02、曲线显示：在实验过程中可以动态显示试验曲线

03、数据导出：可以对试验结果导入EXCEL表格

04、实验报告：可以人为设置报告名称，并对实验报告进行打印

05、试验方式：可以根据需求对直流试验和交流试验进行灵活选择

06、试验方法：可以根据需求自行选择击穿电压、耐压试验、梯度试验

07、参数设置：可以根据不同的试验方式及试验方法灵活设置所需的不同参数值

08、试样设置：可对不同标准的试样参数灵活设置

09、人员管理：设置用户名及密码，不同的操作员登入进行不同的试验，互不影响

10、标准选择：含有不同标准，可根据需求自行选择

11、连续操作：连续操作试验时，可直接在软件里结束试验，进行二次试验

三、技术要求：

01、输入电压： 交流 220 V
02、输出电压： 交流 0--50 KV ; 
               直流 0—50 KV
03、电器容量： 3KVA
04、高压分级： 0--5KV； 0-10KV； 0--20KV；0--50KV 

05、升压速率： 100 V/S  200 V/S  500 V/S  1000 V/S  2500 V/S  3000 V/S   

06、试验方式：
           直流试验：1、匀速升压  2、梯度升压  3、耐压试验 
           交流试验：1、匀速升压  2、梯度升压  3、耐压试验

07、击穿判停方式：1、电压判停  2、电流判停
  08、电压试验精度： ≤ 1％

09、电极规格：1、片材电极 ￠25mm  两个   片材电极 ￠75mm一个

10、主机尺寸：长宽高-800*700*1600（MM）

11、操作台尺寸：长宽高-800*700*650（MM）

12、油槽尺寸：长宽高-300*200*150

13、设备重量：约100KG
四、安全保护：

 本仪器具有比较完善的安全防护措施：

本试验仪器电路保护控制：

（1）超压保护 （2）过流保护 （3）短路保护 （4）漏电保护 （5）软件误操作保护

五、试验方式

1、绝缘试样空气中试验

2、绝缘试样浸油中试验

六、试验界面

参数设置界面截图

打印预览界面截图

七、主要配置

Voltage breakdown tester - computer control
ZJC-50KV (50 thousand volts)
Meet the standard: electrical strength test method for 1408-2006 GB/T insulating material
Test of power frequency voltage breakdown strength and voltage endurance of GB/T1695-2005 vulcanized rubber
Test method for power frequency voltage breakdown of GB/T3333 cable paper
Determination of breakdown strength of HG/T 3330 insulating paint film
Test method for power frequency voltage breakdown of GB/T 12656 capacitor paper
Standard Test Method for dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of D149 ASTM solid electrical insulating materials at industrial power frequencies.
Applicable scope and function
The dielectric strength of electrical film / rubber plastic dielectric strength tester is mainly used in solid insulating materials (such as: plastic, rubber, lamination material, film, resin, mica, ceramic, glass, insulating paint and other insulation materials and parts) in the frequency of the voltage or DC voltage breakdown strength and voltage withstand test hit.
Thin film electrical dielectric strength / rubber plastic dielectric strength tester controlled by computer, is my company independent research and development of new third generation dielectric breakdown testing instrument, electrical film dielectric strength of rubber / plastic dielectric strength tester electronic control system is controlled by SIEMENS PLC, a data acquisition mode by photoelectric isolation, effectively solve anti interference problem in the test process, the software has the advantages of convenient operation, can display the dynamic curve, while the pressure rate can be adjusted, can according to their own needs to boost rate adjustment, adjustment in the range of 100V-3000V/S, so that the pressure rate truly uniform and accurate, and can accuray measure the leakage current data. Can draw the test curve in real time, display the test data, judge accuray, and can save, analysis, print the test data.
The dielectric strength of electrical film / rubber plastic dielectric strength test instrument system can automatically determine the sample breakdown and acquisition breakdown voltage and leakage current data, and can rapidly reduce the auto zero at the instant of the breakdown voltage. Software system is easy to operate, stable performance, safe and reliable.
Two, software function:
01, software platform: WINDOWS window operating platform, intuitive interface, easy to operate
02, the curve shows: in the experimental process can be dynamic display test curve
03, data export: the test results can be imported into the EXCEL table
04, the experimental report: you can set the name of the report, and the report of the experiment to print
05, test methods: according to the needs of the DC test and AC test for flexible selection
06, test methods: according to the demand to choose their own breakdown voltage, voltage test, gradient test
07, parameter setting: according to different test methods and test methods can be flexibly set the different parameters
08, sample setting: can be different standards of the sample parameters of flexible settings
09, personnel management: set the user name and password, different operators to log in for different tests, do not affect each other
10, the standard choice: contains different standards, according to the needs of their own choice
11, continuous operation: continuous operation of the test, can be directly in the software to end the test, the two test
Three, technical requirements:
01, input voltage: AC 220 V
02, output voltage: AC KV 0--50;
DC 0 - 50 KV
03, electrical capacity: 3KVA
04, high pressure classification: 0--5KV; 0-10KV; 0--20KV; 0--50KV
05, boost speed: 100 V/S 200 V/S 500 V/S 1000 V/S 2500 V/S 3000 V/S
06, test methods:
DC test: 1, uniform step up 2, gradient boost 3, pressure test
AC test: 1, uniform step up 2, gradient boost 3, pressure test
07, breakdown and sentenced to stop: 1, voltage sentenced to stop 2, the current sentenced to stop
08, voltage test accuracy: less than 1%
09, electrode size: 1, two 25mm of electrode sheet sheet electrode of a 75mm
10, the host size: long and wide high -800*700*1600 (MM)
11, operating table size: long and wide high -800*700*650 (MM)
12, oil tank size: long and wide high -300*200*150
13, equipment weight: about 100KG
Four, safety protection:
The instrument has more perfect security measures:
Circuit protection and control of the test instrument:
(1) over voltage protection (2) over current protection (3) short circuit protection (4) leakage protection (5) software error operation protection
Five, test methods
1, insulation test specimens in the air
2, insulation test specimen immersed in

击穿形式有哪些？

电介质击穿

固体电介质击穿 导致击穿的zui低临界电压称为击穿电压。均匀电场中，击穿电压与介质厚度之比称为击穿电场强度（简称击穿场强，又称介电强度）。它反映固体电介质自身的耐电强度。不均匀电场中，击穿电压与击穿处介质厚度之比称为平均击穿场强，它低于均匀电场中固体介质的介电强度。固体介质击穿后，由于有巨大电流通过，介质中会出现熔化或烧焦的通道，或出现裂纹。脆性介质击穿时，常发生材料的碎裂，可据此破碎非金属矿石。

固体电介质击穿

固体电介质击穿有3种形式 ：电击穿、热击穿和电化学击穿。

电击穿

电击穿是因电场使电介质中积聚起足够数量和能量的带电质点而导致电介质失去绝缘性能。热击穿是因在电场作用下，电介质内部热量积累、温度过高而导致失去绝缘能力。电化学击穿是在电场、温度等因素作用下，电介质发生缓慢的化学变化，性能逐渐劣化，zui终丧失绝缘能力。固体电介质的化学变化通常使其电导增加 ， 这会使介质的温度上升，因而电化学击穿的zui终形式是热击穿。温度和电压作用时间对电击穿的影响小，对热击穿和电化学击穿的影响大；电场局部不均匀性对热击穿的影响小，对其他两种影响大。

热击穿

当固体电介质承受电压作用时，介质损耗是电介质发热、温度升高；而电介质的电阻具有负温度系数，所以电流进一步增大，损耗发热也随之增加。电解质的热击穿是由电介质内部的热不平衡过程造成的。如果发热量大于散热量，电介质温度就会不断上升，形成恶性循环，引起电介质分解、炭化等，电气强度下降，zui终导致击穿。

热击穿的特点是：击穿电压随温度的升高而下降，击穿电压与散热条件有关，如电介质厚度大，则散热困难，因此击穿电压并不随电介质厚度成正比增加；当外施电压频率增高时，击穿电压将下降。

电化学击穿

固体电介质受到电、热、化学和机械力的长期作用时，其物理和化学性能会发生不可逆的老化，击穿电压逐渐下降，长时间击穿电压常常只有短时击穿电压的几分之一，这种绝缘击穿成为电化学击穿。

液体电介质击穿

纯净液体电介质与含杂质的工程液体电介质的击穿机理不同。对前者主要有电击穿理论和气泡击穿理论，对后者有气体桥击穿理论。沿液体和固体电介质分界面的放电现象称为液体电介质中的沿面放电。这种放电不仅使液体变质，而且放电产生的热作用和剧烈的压力变化可能使固体介质内产生气泡。经多次作用会使固体介质出现分层、开裂现象，放电有可能在固体介质内发展，绝缘结构的击穿电压因此下降。脉冲电压下液体电介质击穿时，常出现强力气体冲击波（即电水锤），可用于水下探矿、桥墩探伤及人体内脏结石的体外破碎。

气体电介质击穿

在电场作用下气体分子发生碰撞电离而导致电极间的贯穿性放电。其影响因素很多，主要有作用电压、电板形状、气体的性质及状态等。气体介质击穿常见的有直流电压击穿、工频电压击穿、高气压电击穿、冲击电压击穿、高真空电击穿、负电性气体击穿等。空气是很好的气体绝缘材料，电离场强和击穿场强高，击穿后能迅速恢复绝缘性能，且不燃、不爆、不老化、无腐蚀性，因而得到广泛应用。为提供高电压输电线或变电所的空气间隙距离的设计依据（高压输电线应离地面多高等），需进行长空气间隙的工频击穿试验。

High breakdown voltage breakdown strength of solid form?
Dielectric breakdown
Solid dielectric breakdown leads to the lowest critical breakdown voltage is called breakdown voltage. In a uniform electric field, breakdown voltage and dielectric thickness is called breakdown field strength (the breakdown strength, and dielectric strength). It reflects the dielectric strength of solid dielectrics. Not in uniform electric field, breakdown voltage and breakdown at the medium thickness ratio as it is below the average breakdown strength, dielectric strength of the solid medium in a uniform electric field. Solid dielectric breakdown, due to a huge current through, there will be melted or charred in the medium channel, or cracks. Brittle dielectric breakdown often occurs, materials can be broken, broken non metallic ore.
Solid dielectric breakdown
Solid dielectric breakdown has 3 forms: breakdown, thermal breakdown and electrochemical breakdown.
Breakdown
Breakdown is due to electric field to charged particle dielectric accumulated enough quantity and energy due to the dielectric lose insulation performance. The thermal breakdown is due in the electric field, the heat inside dielectric accumulation, high temperature caused loss of insulating ability. The electrochemical breakdown is factors in the role of the electric field, temperature, dielectric chemical changes occur slowly, the performance gradually degrades, eventually lose the insulating ability. The chemical changes of solid dielectrics usually make the conductance increase, which makes up the medium temperature, so the final form of the electrochemical breakdown is thermal breakdown. Effect of time on the effect of temperature and voltage breakdown, influence on thermal breakdown and electrochemical breakdown; local field inhomogeneities on the thermal breakdown of the impact of small, on the other two kinds of influence.
Thermal breakdown
When the solid dielectric withstand voltage effect, the dielectric loss is increased and the dielectric heating, temperature; dielectric resistance with negative temperature coefficient, so the current is further increased, heat loss also increases. The thermal breakdown of electrolyte is a dielectric internal thermal imbalance caused by the process. If the heat is greater than the quantity of heat, the dielectric temperature will continue to rise, forming a vicious spiral, caused by dielectric decomposition, carbonization, electrical breakdown strength decreased, resulting in.
The characteristics of thermal breakdown is: breakdown voltage decreased with the increase of temperature, breakdown voltage and heat dissipation conditions, such as the thickness of the dielectric, difficult heat dissipation, so the breakdown voltage does not with the dielectric thickness is proportional to the increase; when the applied voltage frequency increased, breakdown voltage will drop.
Electrochemical breakdown
Solid dielectric is the long-term effects of electrical, thermal, chemical and mechanical force, and their physical and chemical properties will irreversibly aging, breakdown voltage decreased gradually, breakdown voltage for a long time often only a fraction of the short-time breakdown voltage, the insulation breakdown as electrochemical breakdown.
Liquid dielectric breakdown
The breakdown mechanism of pure liquid dielectrics is different from that of the engineering liquid dielectrics containing impurities. The former is mainly about the theory of electric breakdown and bubble breakdown, and the latter has the theory of gas bridge breakdown. The discharge of liquid and solid dielectric interface is called liquid dielectric surface discharge. This discharge not only causes the liquid to degenerate, but also the heat generated by the discharge and the intense pressure change may cause the bubble in the solid medium. After many functions, the solid media can be layered and cracked, and the discharge is likely to develop in the solid medium, and the breakdown voltage of the insulation structure is decreased. When the liquid dielectric breakdown under the impulse voltage, the strong gas shock wave (namely the electric water hammer), can be used for underwater exploration, bridge pier flaw detection and the body's internal organs stones in vitro broken.
Gas dielectric breakdown
Through the electric field, the gas molecules collide with the ionization, which leads to the penetration of the electrodes. It has many influencing factors, mainly by the voltage, electrode shape, gas properties and etc.. Gas dielectric breakdown in common with DC breakdown voltage, power frequency breakdown voltage, high pressure electric breakdown, impulse voltage breakdown, high vacuum shock, wear breakdown in electronegative gases. Air is a good gas insulation material, ionization and breakdown field strength high, after the breakdown can quickly restore the insulation performance, and non flammable, non explosive, non aging, non corrosive, and thus widely used. In order to provide the design basis for the air gap distance between the high voltage transmission line and the substation (high voltage transmission line should be high), the power frequency breakdown test of long air gap is required.

关于设备论述

       在强电场作用下，固体电介质丧失电绝缘能力而由绝缘状态突变为良导电状态。导致击穿的zui低临界电压称为击穿电压。均匀电场中，击穿电压与固体电介质厚度之比称为击穿电场强度（简称击穿场强，又称介电强度），它反映固体电介质自身的耐电强度。不均匀电场中，击穿电压与击穿处固体电介质厚度之比称为平均击穿场强，它低于均匀电场中固体电介质的介电强度。固体电介质发生击穿后,由于有巨大的电流通过,电介质中会出现熔化或烧焦的通道，或出现机械损伤的裂纹。固体电介质的这些变化是不可逆的，不能自己恢复原来的绝缘性能。脆性固体电介质击穿时，常发生材料的碎裂，故可用击穿效应来破碎非金属矿石等。
 

　　 击穿形式　根据击穿的发展过程，固体电介质的击穿可分为3种形式:电击穿、热击穿和电化学击穿。它们的一般特征如表所示。同一种电介质中发生何种形式的击穿，取决于不同的外界因素。随着击穿过程中固体电介质内部的变化，击穿过程可以从一种形式转变为另一种形式。　     电击穿 　取决于固体电介质中碰撞电离的一种击穿形式。电场使电介质中积聚起足够数量和足够能量的带电质点，导致电介质丧失绝缘性能。对于电击穿有以下几种不同的理论解释：本征击穿、电子崩击穿和电致机械应力击穿，通常以本征击穿代表电击穿，所以电击穿有时又称本征击穿。本征击穿过程所需时间为10-8s数量级，击穿场强大于1MV/cm。
 

　　固体电介质内总会存在少量自由传导(处于导带的)电子。在电场作用下，它们会从电场获取能量。单位时间内这些电子取得的能量A与电场强度E、电子本身能量W、点格温度T有关。另一方面，传导电子也将因与固体电介质点格发生碰撞而失去一部分能量。单位时间内传导电子失去的能量B与W和T有关。当点格温度T为定值时，A、B与W的关系如图1所示。图中E2>EC>E1。当外加电场为E2>EC时,因一部分传导电子的能量处于W2～WC之间，单位时间内这些电子获得的能量A始终大于失去的能量B，电子被加速，碰撞点格时产生电离,使处于导带的电子不断增加，电流急剧上升,zui终导致固体电介质击穿。当外加电场为E1EC时,虽然偶而会有能量大于W1的电子出现,且因此时A>B而使点格发生碰撞电离、产生新的传导电子；但因电子能量大于W1的概率很低,所以传导电子不断增多的过程很难出现,固体电介质不会击穿。处于临界状态的EC即为固体电介质的介电强度。
 

　　热击穿在电场作用下，固体电介质承受的电场强度虽不足以发生电击穿，但因电介质内部热量积累、温度过高而导致失去绝缘能力，从而由绝缘状态突变为良导电状态。
 

　　固体电介质在电场作用下将因电导和极化损耗而发热。单位时间内固体电介质的发热量A与作用电压U、介质温度t有关。另一方面固体电介质也将向四周散发热量。单位时间内固体电介质的散热量B与(t-t0)有关(t0为环境温度)。A、B与t的关系如图2所示。图中U2>UC>U1。当外加电压U2>UC时，固体电介质中的发热量A大于散热量B，介质温度上升,且因A始终大于B,所以固体电介质的温度不断上升，zui终介质被烧焦、烧熔或烧裂，丧失绝缘性能，发生热击穿。当外加电压U1UC时,虽然开始时A>B,固体电介质温度上升;但当温度升到t1时，发热量A与散热量B相等，建立起了热平衡。此时,若介质能耐受温度t1的作用,则固体电介质能正常工作,不会发生热击穿。当外加电压等于UC时,当介质温度升到t2时，建立起了热平衡，但不稳定。温度略有升高,发热量A即大于散热量B,zui终仍然发生热击穿。电压UC是发生热击穿的临界电压。
 

　　电化学击穿 　在电场、温度等因素作用下，固体电介质发生缓慢的化学变化，性能逐渐劣化，zui终丧失绝缘能力，从而由绝缘状态突变为良导电状态。电化学击穿过程包括两部分：因固体电介质发生化学变化而引起的电介质老化；与老化有关的击穿过程。
 

　　固体电介质发生缓慢化学变化的原因多种多样。直流电压下，固体电介质因离子电导而发生电解，结果在电极附近形成导电的金属树枝状物，甚至从一个电极伸展到另一个电极。在电场作用下，固体电介质内部的气泡中，或不同固体电介质之间的气隙或油隙中，会发生局部放电。与固体电介质接触的电极边缘场强较强的局部区域内如有气体或液体电介质，这里也会发生局部放电。局部放电的长期作用会使固体电介质逐步损坏。空气中的放电将形成臭氧、氮的氧化物等化学性质活泼的物质，它们会使固体电介质发生化学变化。对有机固体电介质，在电极上*处或微小空气隙处，会发生树枝状放电，并留下炭化痕迹。
 

　　电场越强，温度越高，电压作用时间越长，固体电介质的化学变化进行得越强烈，其性能的劣化也越严重。
 

　　固体电介质的化学变化通常使其电导增加，这会使固体电介质的温度上升，因而电化学击穿的zui终形式是热击穿。
 

　　影响因素 　影响固体电介质击穿电压的主要因素有：电场的不均匀程度，作用电压的种类及施加的时间，温度，固体电介质性能、结构，电压作用次数，机械负荷，受潮等。
 

　　①电场的不均匀程度：均匀、致密的固体电介质在均匀电场中的击穿场强可达1～10MV/cm。击穿场强决定于物质的内部结构，与外界因素的关系较小。当电介质厚度增加时，由于电介质本身的不均匀性，击穿场强会下降。当厚度极小时 (-3～10-4cm)，击穿场强又会增加。电场越不均匀，击穿场强下降越多。电场局部加强处容易产生局部放电，在局部放电的长时间作用下，固体电介质将产生化学击穿。
 

　　②作用电压时间、种类：固体电介质的三种击穿形式与电压作用时间有密切关系 （图3）。同一种固体电介质，在相同电场分布下，其雷电冲击击穿电压通常大于工频击穿电压，且直流击穿电压也大于工频击穿电压。交流电压频率增高时，由于局部放电更强，介质损耗更大，发热严重，更易发生热击穿或导致化学击穿提前到来。
 

　　③温度：当温度较低，处于电击穿范围内时，固体电介质的击穿场强与温度基本无关。当温度稍高，固体电介质可能发生热击穿。周围温度越高，散热条件越差，热击穿电压就越低。
 

　　④固体电介质性能、结构：工程用固体电介质往往不很均匀、致密，其中的气孔或其他缺陷会使电场畸变，损害固体电介质。电介质厚度过大，会使电场分布不均匀，散热不易，降低击穿场强。固体电介质本身的导热性好，电导率或介质损耗小，则热击穿电压会提高。
 

　　⑤电压作用次数：当电压作用时间不够长，或电场强度不够高时,电介质中可能来不及发生*击穿,而只发生不*击穿。这种现象在极不均匀电场中和雷电冲击电压作用下特别显著。在电压的多次作用下，一系列的不*击穿将导致介质的*击穿。由不*击穿导致固体电介质性能劣化而积累起来的效应称为累积效应。
 

　　⑥机械负荷：固体电介质承受机械负荷时，若材料开裂或出现微观裂缝，击穿电压将下降。
 

　　⑦受潮：固体电介质受潮后，击穿电压将下降。
 

　　提高击穿电压措施　根据固体电介质的击穿形式及影响击穿电压的因素，提高固体电介质击穿电压的主要措施有:①改善电场分布（见电场调整）,如电极边缘的固体电介质表面涂半导电漆；②调整多层绝缘中各层电介质所承受的电压；③对多孔性、纤维性材料经干燥后浸油、浸漆,以防止吸潮,提高局部放电起始电压；④加强冷却，提高热击穿电压；⑤改善环境条件，防止高温，避免潮气、臭氧等有害物质的侵蚀。

Discussion on electrical breakdown strength instrument and insulation dielectric strength equipment
Under the action of the strong electric field, the solid dielectric loss of electric insulation ability and the insulation state is a good state. The lowest critical voltage that causes breakdown is called the breakdown voltage. In a uniform electric field, the ratio of the breakdown voltage to the solid dielectric thickness is called the breakdown field strength (short for the breakdown field strength, and the dielectric strength), which reflects the strength of the solid dielectric. In the nonuniform electric field, the ratio of the breakdown voltage to the solid dielectric thickness is called the average breakdown field strength, which is lower than the dielectric strength of the solid dielectric in the uniform electric field. After the breakdown of the solid dielectric, because there is a huge current through, the dielectric will appear in the melting or burning of the channel, or the occurrence of mechanical damage crack. These changes in solid dielectrics are irreversible and cannot restore their original insulating properties. Brittle solid dielectric breakdown, often occurs when the material is broken, it can be used to break the effect of the breakdown of non-metallic minerals, etc..
Breakdown form according to the breakdown of the development process, the breakdown of solid dielectrics can be divided into 3 forms: breakdown, thermal breakdown and electrochemical breakdown. Their general characteristics are shown in the table. What kind of breakdown occurs in the same kind of dielectric depends on the different external factors. Breakdown process can be changed from one form to another with the change of the solid dielectric in the breakdown process. Electrical breakdown depends on a breakdown of the ionization of the solid medium. Electric field causes the dielectric medium to accumulate enough quantity and enough energy of charged particle, which leads to the loss of dielectric properties. For electrical breakdown, there are several different theories to explain: the intrinsic breakdown, the breakdown of the electron avalanche and the breakdown of the mechanical stress, usually by the breakdown of the breakdown on behalf of the electrical breakdown, so the breakdown is sometimes called the breakdown. The intrinsic breakdown time required to process the order of 10-8s, the breakdown strength of more than 1MV/cm.
There will always be a small amount of solid dielectrics in free transmission (in the electronic conduction band). In the electric field, they gain energy from the electric field. A associated with the electric field strength of E and W, lattice energy electron temperature T the electronic energy per unit time. On the other hand, will also be a result of conduction electrons and solid dielectric lattice collision and lose a part of energy. B and W and T of energy per unit time of conduction electrons lost. When the lattice temperature of T is constant, as shown in Figure 1 the relationship between A, B and W. Figure E2>EC>E1. When the applied electric field is E2>EC, due to a part of the conduction electron energy in W2 ~ WC, in unit time access to the electronic energy a always greater than the energy lost B, electrons are accelerated, the collision point lattice produce ionization, so that in the electrons in the conduction band of the increasing, a sharp rise in current, eventually leading to breakdown in solid dielectrics. When the applied electric field is E1EC, although occasionally have energies greater than the electronic W1, and because of this A>B the lattice collision ionization, and produced new conduction electrons; but for electron energies greater than W1 probability is very low, so increasing electronic conduction process is difficult to appear, solid dielectric does not breakdown. In the critical state of the EC is the dielectric strength of solid dielectrics.
Thermal breakdown under the action of electric field, electric field strength of solid dielectric withstand although not enough to electrical breakdown, but due to the dielectric, the internal heat accumulation, the temperature is too high and lead to loss of insulating ability, thus by the insulation state of mutation as a conducting state.
Solid dielectric in the electric field due to the conductivity and polarization loss and fever. Solid dielectric in unit time the calorific value of A and the role of U, the temperature of the medium voltage t. On the other hand, solid dielectric will emit heat to the surrounding. And the amount of heat dissipation of B solid dielectric in unit time (t-t0) (t0 is about ambient temperature). The relationship between A, B and t as shown in figure 2. Figure U2>UC>U1. When the applied voltage U2>UC, solid dielectric in the calorific value of a greater than heat dissipation B, medium temperature rise and because a is always greater than B, therefore increasing the temperature of solid dielectrics, final medium charred, fusing or burned bifida, loss of insulating properties, thermal breakdown. When the applied voltage is U1UC, although at the beginning of A>B, the temperature rise of solid dielectrics; but when the temperature rises to T1, heat A and heat dissipation is equal to B, set up the heat balance. At this time, if the media can tolerate the temperature of T1, while the solid dielectric can work normally, no thermal breakdown. When the applied voltage is equal to UC, when the medium temperature rises to T2, the establishment of heat balance, but not stable. The temperature increased slightly, calorific value A is greater than the heat dissipating capacity of B, eventually still thermal breakdown. Voltage UC is the thermal breakdown of the critical voltage.
The electrochemical breakdown factors in the role of the electric field, temperature, solid dielectric chemical changes occur slowly, the performance gradually degrades, eventually lose the insulation ability, thus mutation from an insulating state as a conducting state. Electrochemical breakdown process includes two parts: for solid dielectric chemical changes caused by aging and aging of dielectric breakdown process related.
Solid dielectric occurred in a variety of reasons of slow chemical change diversity. Under DC voltage, ionic conductivity and solid dielectrics due to electrolysis, results in the formation of a branch of the conductive metal near the electrode, even extending from one electrode to the other electrode. In the electric field, solid dielectric inside the bubble, the air gap or the oil gap between different or solid dielectrics, partial discharge will occur. Contact with the solid electrolyte electrode edge field strong local area such as a gas or liquid dielectric, here will be

客户关注产品:

ZJC-50KV/符合国标GB/T1408-2006、ASTM D149

ZST-121体积表面电阻率测试仪/符合国标GB/T1410-2006、ASTM D257-99

ZJD-B介电常数介质损耗测试仪/符合国标GB/T1409-2006

QYH-96塑料球压痕硬度测试仪/符合国标GB/T3398-2008

M-200橡胶塑料摩擦磨损试验机/符合国标GB/T3960-1983

XRW-300HA热变形维卡温度测定仪/符合国标GB/T8802-2001

XNR-400A熔体流动速率测定仪/符合国标GB/T3682-2000

CZF-5水平垂直燃烧试验仪/符合国标GBGB/T5169.16-2002 、ANSI/UL94

JF-3氧指数测定仪GB/T 2406.2-2009 GB/T 2406.1-2008

DJC-1型单根电线电缆垂直燃烧试验机符合国标GB/T18380.11-2008

DW-02点着温度测定仪符合国标GB4610-84

LDQ-2漏电起痕试验仪符合国标UL746A、ASTM D 3638-92

PMSC-3塑料泡沫水平垂直燃烧试验仪符合国标GB/T8333-2008

QSC-2汽车内饰材料燃烧试验仪符合国标GB8410-2006

XGB-10B管材静液压试验机 符合标准GB/T6111、GB/T15560

XHG-20 管材环刚度试验机符合标准GB/T 9647

WZY-240型万能制样机符合国标GB/T1043

XQZH-1缺口制样机符合标准GB/T1043

XYZ-12哑铃制样机符合标准GB/T1040

Customer focus on product:
ZJC-50KV voltage breakdown tester / in line with the national standard ASTM, D149 GB/T1408-2006
ZST-121 volume surface resistivity tester / ASTM, D257-99 GB/T1410-2006
ZJD-B dielectric constant dielectric loss tester / in line with the national standard GB/T1409-2006
QYH-96 plastic ball indentation hardness tester / in line with the national standard GB/T3398-2008
M-200 rubber plastic friction and wear testing machine / in line with the national standard GB/T3960-1983
XRW-300HA thermal deformation VEKA temperature meter / accord with national standard GB/T8802-2001
XNR-400A melt flow rate meter / in line with the national standard GB/T3682-2000
CZF-5 horizontal vertical burning tester / in line with the national standard GBGB/T5169.16-2002, ANSI/UL94
JF-3 oxygen index measuring instrument 2406.2-2009 GB/T 2406.1-2008 GB/T
DJC-1 type single cable vertical burning test machine in accordance with the national standard GB/T18380.11-2008
DW-02 point of the temperature measuring instrument in line with the national standard GB4610-84
LDQ-2 tracking tester, ASTM D meet UL746A 3638-92
PMSC-3 plastic foam horizontal vertical combustion test instrument in line with the national standard GB/T8333-2008
QSC-2 automotive interior material combustion test instrument in line with the national standard GB8410-2006
XGB-10B pipe hydrostatic testing machine according to the standards of GB/T6111 and GB/T15560
XHG-20 pipe ring stiffness testing machine in line with the standard GB/T 9647
WZY-240 type universal system prototype conforms to the national standard GB/T1043
XQZH-1 notch prototype meets the standard GB/T1043
XYZ-12 dumbbell prototype is in line with the standard GB/T1040

售后服务承诺书

  1. 我公司在交付合同中的产品在办理运输时，均已办理保险。因运输过程中引起产品质量问题的应由本公司负责维修或调换，费用由本公司承担；但需方必须配合供方取得运输过程中仪器损坏的证明文件，以便供方向保险公司进索赔事宜。

  2. 我公司销售给各客户的产品均实行保修一年，终身维护产品服务（人为因素或不可抗拒的自然现象所引起的故障或破坏除外）。免费保修期为购货日起一年内，在保修期内，无偿更换由于原材料缺陷及制造工艺等问题所发生损坏的相应部件；一年以后，仪器出现损坏时，我公司只收取零部件的成本费。

  3. 高度重视用户对我公司产品质量反馈的意见，无论来人、来电、来函、在24小时内作出处理意见。并立即通知用户。

 4 .我公司在仪器售出一次性免费培训购方操作人员，使受训人员了解设备的工作原理、操作规程、以及维护、保养方法。

5. 我公司建立了顾客档案，以便定期进行服务跟踪和质量跟踪。

6. 公司将定期派出反馈员到顾客单位征求意见，检查设备运行情况，确保设备正常运行。

7. 在保修期内，以下情况将实行有偿维修服务，

（1）由于人为或不可抗拒的自然现象而发生的损害

（2）由于操作不当而造成的故障或损坏

（3）由于对产品不正确的安装，经他人维修而损坏

   以上是我公司对顾客的服务承诺，也是全体市场营销、售后服务人员的工作准则，恳请顾客监督实施。

After-sales service commitment
1 my company specified in the delivery of the contract products in in the process of transportation, has been handling the insurance. Due to the transport process caused by product quality shall be borne by the company responsible for the repair or replacement, the cost borne by the company; but the buyer must cooperate with the suppliers obtain transit instrument damage documentation for the insurance company claims matters.
. my company sells products to the customers are implemented for one year warranty, life-long maintenance products and services (human factors or irresistible natural phenomenon caused by the fault or failure except). Free warranty period to purchase within one year from the date, in the warranty period, free replacement due to a problem with the raw material defects and manufacturing processes, the damage to the corresponding parts; a year later, equipment damage, we only charge the cost of the components.
. attach great importance to the user of our company product quality feedback opinion, whether to, call us, us, within 24 hours made treatment advice. And immediay notify the user.
. our company in the instrument sold one-time free training purchase operation personnel, trained staff to understand the equipment working principle, operation rules and maintenance, maintenance methods.
Our company has established 5 customer files, to carry out regular service tracking and quality tracking.
6 the company will periodically send feedback to the customer unit for advice, check the operation condition of equipment to ensure the normal operation of equipment.
7 in the warranty period, the situation will be paid maintenance services,
(1) due to natural or man-made phenomenon of irresistible damage
(2) due to failure or damage caused by improper operation
(3) products due to improper installation, repair damaged by others
More than company customer service commitment, the implementation guidelines of is all marketing and after-sales service personnel, ask the customer supervision.

典型用户:

成都电子科技大学

大连理工大学

广州华南理工大学

上海空间电源研究所

上海金由氟材料有限公司

江苏合成新材料有限公司

中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所

中国建材检验认证集团有限公司

中国*汽车股份有限公司技术中心

中国航天科技集团烽火机械厂

沈阳化工股份有限公司

江西宏特绝缘材料有限公司

山西省医疗器械检测中心

广东计量测试技术服务中心

北京博华信智科技股份有限公司

德昌电机（深圳）有限公司

康龙化成（北京）新药技术有限公司

中电科微波通信（上海）股份有限公司

大庆市坤田化工科技有限公司

河北华夏实业有限公司

湘潭电机股份有限公司

*军事医学科学院试验仪器厂

重庆中科力泰高分子材料股份有限公司

杭州包尔得有机硅有限公司

江西腾徳实业有限公司

青岛海源通塑料制品厂

西安科技大学

泰安鲁怡高分子材料有限公司

Typical user:
Chengdu Electronic Technology University
Dalian University of Technology
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou
Shanghai Space Power Research Institute
Shanghai Jin by Fluorine Material Co., Ltd.
Jiangsu synthetic New Material Co., Ltd.
China Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of nano energy and systems
China building materials inspection & Certification Group Co., Ltd.
China's first automotive Limited by Share Ltd Technical Center
Chinese Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Fenghuo Machinery Factory
Shenyang chemical Limited by Share Ltd
Jiangxi Hong te insulation material Co., Ltd.
Shanxi medical device testing center
Guangdong measuring and Testing Technology Service Center
Beijing Bohua letter chi Polytron Technologies Inc
Dechang electric machine (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
Kanglong chemical (Beijing) new drug Technology Co., Ltd.
Division of microwave communication (Shanghai) Limited by Share Ltd
Daqing City Kun Tian Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
Hebei Huaxia Industrial Co., Ltd.
Xiangtan electric motor Limited by Share Ltd
The Chinese people's Liberation Army Military Medical Science Academy of the PLA test instrument factory
Chongqing thmisco polymer materials Limited by Share Ltd
Hangzhou bao'erde organosilicon Co., Ltd.
Jiangxi Teng de Industrial Co. Ltd.
Qingdao Haiyuan plastic products factory
Xi'an University of Science and Technology
Tai'an Lu Yi macromolecule material Co., Ltd.