Learned Helplessness I+II   习得无助I+II

Learned Helplessness （LHN） is a well-known behavioral paradigm to study depression-like behavior and anti-depressant drugs in animals. Unpredictable, inescapable foot shock exposure of animals induces response deficits in a subsequent escape learning task.
习得性无助（LHN）是一种*的行为学范例，用于研究动物抑郁类行为和抗抑郁药物。动物暴露在不可预知的，不可避免的适度的脚部电击中，会导致接下来的逃离学习任务中反应缺乏。

TSE Systems offers three different approaches to studying LHN.In the system based on an Operant Behavior （Skinner box） apparatus the animal can escape the shock during the test session by pressing a lever.The fully automated LHN test is controlled by the multi-purpose Operant Behavior software that provides predefined paradigms for pre-exposure and test. A free-programming language is available for generating custom procedures.
TSE提供了三种不同的方法来研究习得性无助。基于一个操作行为（斯金纳箱）设备的系统中，在测试期间动物可以通过按操作杆终止电击。全自动的LHN测试通过多功能操作行为软件进行控制，软件提供预定义的范例，用于预暴露和测试。一个自由编程的鱼宴可用于生成自定义的程序。

The alternative approach to study LHN in mice & rats is based on the Active Avoidance task, which is also part of the new Multi Conditioning System.
研究小鼠和大鼠LHN的另一种选择，是基于主动回避任务，亦是我们新的多条件系统的组成部分。
• Helplessness test based on operant response （lever pressing） or active avoidance 
  基于操作反应（按下控制杆）或主动回避的习得性无助测试
• Operant test box for rats or mice with electrified floor and wall, cue light set, response lever, house light and loudspeaker 

  操作测试笼用于大鼠和小鼠，附带电击地板和墙壁，提示灯设置，响应杆，房间光线和扬声器
• Various shock characteristics including adjustable pulse frequency and shock application pattern 
  各种电击特性可设置包括可调节脉冲频率和电击的应用模式
• Special box design ensures that the animal cannot escape the shock 
  特殊的箱体设计，确保动物不能逃脱电击
• Ready-to-use programmed conditioning and test protocols  
  随时可用的调节和测试协议
• Analysis of Depression 
  分析抑郁

Animal conditioning is achieved by light electrical shock 
通过轻微电击得到动物训练。

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