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Description

The enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay is a powerful tool for detecting and enumerating individual cells that secrete a particular protein in vitro. Based on the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the ELISPOT assay derives its specificity and sensitivity by employing high affinity capture and detection antibodies and enzyme-amplification. Although originally developed for analyzing specific antibody-secreting cells, the assay has been adapted for measuring the frequencies of cells that produce and secrete other effector molecules, such as cytokines. The sensitivity of the assay lends itself to measurement of even very low frequencies of analyte-producing cells (eg, 1/300,000). Recent developments in assay plate design and in ELISPOT plate-reader instrumentation have significantly improved the utility of the ELISPOT method for objective and rapid analysis of analyte-producing cells.

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